Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health crisis, also in the frame of One Health perspective (1). This problem represents a dramatic emergency in critical care settings like intensive care units (ICUs), where patients are most vulnerable, also because of persistent lack in the pharmaceutical pipeline for the development of new antibiotics (2-4). ICUs are the front line in managing patients with life-threatening conditions, such as severe infections, trauma, and organ failure. Therefore, ICUs present unique conditions – as patients are critically ill, immunocompromised, and often subjected to invasive procedures and extended hospital stays — provide an ideal environment for the emergence and spread of resistant pathogens. AMR poses significant challenges for healthcare providers in ICUs, where timely and effective antibiotic treatment is crucial, directly impacting on clinical outcomes, mortality rates and increased healthcare costs (5). [More]