Fluid Therapy from Friend to Foe

The general management of shock, or any syndrome characterized by inadequate tissue perfusion involves identifying and addressing the underlying cause while also reversing the disorder produced in any of the 4 components of the cardiovascular system (blood and fluid compartment, vascular system, heart and circulatory system) [1] through combined therapeutic methods that are based on rapid volume resuscitation, usually pursuing target goals. Although the “salvage, optimization, stabilization, de-escalation” mnemonic has been utilized as a broad framework for volume resuscitation since 2016 [2], the approach to fluid therapy in critically ill patients remains inconsistent with current clinical practice, contingent upon the practices adopted by individual healthcare institutions. [More]